So, how exactly does the IPO process work? Learn how to get your firm on the route to becoming a public corporation.
A successful initial public offering is a watershed event for a company. It denotes success. It also has its own set of expenses. Before entering this stage of a startup’s existence, make sure you are prepared. Likewise, do not attempt it alone. While you go through the IPO process, use our On Call legal service to find a lawyer.
Table of Contents
What exactly is an IPO?
The Securities and Exchange Commission defines an IPO as the first time a firm sells its shares to the general public.
It might be a small firm seeking to produce some much-needed income, or it could be an established corporation that has just delayed to go public. Whether a business is looking to grow or just pay off its obligations, the bottom line is that they want to raise money via an IPO.
An investor’s investment in an IPO might be dangerous. Nobody can predict if the stock will be lucrative since there is little historical evidence to predict how the firm will perform.
The procedure for obtaining an IPO
In order to go public, a company needs go through a series of processes. According to Investopedia, the stages are as follows:
An investment bank is hired by the corporation. A firm goes through underwriting, which is the process through which investment bankers obtain funds from investors on behalf of companies. The investment bank serves as a go-between.
The contract is negotiated between the firm and the investment bank. Negotiated issues include how much money a firm want to raise, what sorts of securities will be issued, and how the transaction will be structured. The structure may be either a firm commitment, in which an underwriter promises how much money will be raised, or a best efforts agreement, in which the underwriter offers shares but does not guarantee how much money will be provided to the business.
A registration agreement is being prepared by the investment bank. The agreement has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission. It covers financial accounts, managerial history, any legal issues surrounding the firm, any legal issues that the company has encountered, and other corporate information. The SEC validates the information and then sets a date for the stock to be sold to the public.
An original prospectus is issued by the underwriter. This prospectus, which was issued during the “cooling down period” while the SEC verified data, raises expectations. It contains the majority of the company’s information, but not the offer price or the effective date. The underwriter attempts to attract major institutional investors at this stage, but individual investors are not sought until later.
The price is negotiated between the corporation and the underwriter. Factors influencing that choice include the performance of the hype campaign and the state of the market as the effective date approaches.
The securities are sold on the stock exchange by the investment bank. This is the time when investors get their funds.
Prepare a detailed company strategy before considering going public. We provide free forms to assist you in developing your business strategy.
The financial significance of an IPO
An IPO provides much-needed funding to assist a company’s growth. It’s a type of payday for the creators and investors who stand to benefit. The stock price may even rise between the IPO and the secondary market offering.
There have been reports of entrepreneurs making millions or even billionaires after their businesses went public. This is not true. Companies who already have a great track record and are in an industry that is already the target of considerable buzz are best positioned to follow this way.
Going through the IPO process is also not a cheap move for a firm, nor is it a solution for every company. If you haven’t had audited financials for the last several years, you may want to consider another means to generate funds. The same is true if your industry isn’t growing quickly. Maybe there isn’t enough interest.
Businesses must follow specified processes outlined by the federal government, including those outlined by the SEC and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Compliance with all of the laws may be expensive, costing up to $2 million or more. If the first public offering fails, that money might be lost.
Your firm will also be subjected to more scrutiny from the SEC and shareholders. Competitors may also get information about your business.
When making a choice, it is critical to carefully consider both the benefits and drawbacks.
The cultural significance of an IPO
It isn’t just about the money. A successful IPO indicates a company’s success. It stimulates curiosity and might signify to the industry’s top talent that this firm has made it. This may also increase workers’ self-esteem, particularly if they have stuck with a business through thick and thin.
There are further drawbacks. The investors become shareholders and have a voice. Additionally, just as the public notices a successful IPO, the public notices a failed one as well.
Consider these variables while considering whether to go public and go through the IPO process with your firm. Before making that choice, get particular legal and financial counsel for your organization.
